I need help with this page graphs and references to be included
- SCR Study Design – Cooper et al. (2020) Chapter 7
- Internal Validity – Cooper et al. (2020) Chapters 5 & 10
- Graphic Displays and Interpretation – Cooper et al. (2020) Chapter 6
- Different Designs – Cooper et al. (2020) Chapters 8 & 9
- Chapter 8 discusses the threat to internal validity from sequencing effects
IN TEXT CITATIONS FROM
Applied Behavior Analysis, Third edition
John O. Cooper, Timothy E. Heron, William L. Heward
EDUU 694 Writing and Reporting Single Case Design Research
Signature Assignment due Week 8
100 possible points
Assignment Description: Your signature assignment for this class is a proposed SCDR study with hypothetical subject/s, procedures, data and interpretation of the results. You will write the methods for your study, enter hypothetical data, interpret and report the data in graphs and narrative form. Finally, you will reflect on the rigor of your study and evaluate the methods and reporting of results through the lens of Kratchowil et al. (2013). Remember to use a title page and follow APA guidelines for a research study.
*You may use the headings below as a template. Erase the directions here and the prompts under each heading below, and add citations for the research design, data collection methods, and other important information.
Writing and Reporting Single Case Design Research
Name of the Your Article
Your Name
ABA Certificate Program
EDUU 694
Instructor Name
Date
Methods
Write a brief introductory paragraph that links to your research question. Your introduction should clearly and specifically state the methodology and design. Methodology is Single Case Design (SCD). The research design will likely be one of the following: multiple baseline across (subjects/activities/settings), multiple probes across (subjects/activities/settings), reversal design, withdrawal design, multiple components, alternative treatment, or changing criteria.
Subjects
Describe your hypothetical subject(s) using pseudonyms or initials. Give a rich description of your subjects. This detailed description helps with external validity, or generalizability. If the information relates to the research question(s) and findings, you can include information about the participant’s or participants’ age, disability label, grade level, experience in school, identified areas of strengths and needs – based on direct assessments, indirect assessments, and/ or observations. skill acquisition and/or behavior goals, current services and previous services, current interventions and previous interventions, family dynamics (e.g., strengths, needs, barriers, and supports), Make sure your subject description does not “overshare” information not relevant to the study, expose bias and/or subjectivity.
Include criteria for inclusion and exclusion in the study as well. Why were they selected/identified? Why were others not selected/considered?
Setting
Where does your hypothetical research study take place? Describe the setting and any relevant information such as demographic information of setting (e.g., teachers, peers, and/or researcher(s)), geographic local, physical local (e.g., home, community, school)? Distinguishing features (e.g., room size, noise level, distractibility, task, group or individual, and expected behavior).
Independent Variable
What is your intervention, treatment, or curriculum? What are you adding or manipulating? Provide an operational definition of the intervention(s) or intervention package. Do not go into the procedures yet. The specificity with which you write your IV is important to internal validity – Are you measuring what you intended to measure? Be specific and concise. Remember, without internal validity, you cannot have external validity. The definition of the IV should be easily understood by an informed reader. This is what the literature review leads to – operationalization the IV.
Dependent Variable
What is the behavior you are attempting to decrease or increase? What skill are you teaching? How are you operationally defining that behavior or skill? Be specific (e.g., time on task, phonemic awareness, mean length of word utterance, social initiations with peers, physical aggression). This is the focus behavior from your literature review –
Measures
What is the dimension(s) of the behavior that you are going to measure (e.g., duration, frequency, latency, rate, or intensity)? Describe how the measures relate to the behavior- Why did you choose this measure? Will you also be looking at artifacts (e.g., completed assignments)?
How will you be recording the data (e.g., time sample, event recording, stopwatch, video recording, daily record review)?
Who will measure? How are you ensuring the accuracy, validity and reliability of the measure?
· Training others to collect the data?
· What method and percentage of overlap will you use for IOA? This is important for reliability and internal validity.
Procedures
Describe the steps of your intervention from selecting the participant and collecting baseline data until completion – analyzing the results. This section may be a sequential bulleted list. It should read like a recipe for those wanting to replicate your study. Include an introduction.
Ethical considerations
What are the ethical considerations for your research? Refer to the Ethics Code for Behavior Analysts.
Results
Include information on the research question and measure.
Research Findings
· Use hypothetical data and insert the appropriate SCDR line graph with baseline and intervention data.
Interpretation of the Data
Depending on your study, use a narrative format to discuss the data across phases and/or subjects. Be sure to interpret relevant data – How does the data relate to the research quotations(s)?
Functional Relationship
Discuss the findings in terms of a functional relationship. Justify your response.
Evaluation
This section is where you demonstrate your ability to be a critical consumer of research as well as your potential to contribute as a professional to the research literature in applied behavior analysis. This section should also have APA headings and follow the guidelines for in-text citations. This section should be 4-5 pages. Remember APA is always double spaced.
Internal Validity
Internal validity and control over the IV: Evaluate your study in terms of internal validity. Were there confounds or unexpected occurrences that interfered? Use your readings in Cooper et al. (2020) to evaluate your internal validity.
External Validity
Does your study as written meet criteria for external validity given the information provided by Hitchcock et al. (2015)?
Rate your study per the criteria set out in Kratochwill et al. (2013). Give examples to justify your position.